Due to the nature of diving, all students are required to be medically fit to dive, while commercial divers require an annual diving medical to maintain certification. A diving medical may uncover issues such as conditions that affect the ear, nose and throat, or lung functionality, which can expose divers to the risk of serious injury or death while diving. These medicals must meet Australian Standard AS 4005.1 and SPUMS. These period medicals are valid for 12 months from the date of completion.